A new study into time spent by infants in front of a digital devices show that that the time they spent watching television or using a computer or mobile device increased from 53 minutes at age 12 months to more than 150 minutes at 3 years.

Researchers at the National Institutes of Health, the University at Albany and the New York University Langone Medical Center, who were engaged in the study, say that by age 8, children were more likely to log the highest amount of screen time if they had been in home-based childcare or were born to first-time mothers.

The study reveals that screen habits begin early, so interventions to reduce screen time could have a better chance of success if introduced early.

Mothers of nearly 4,000 children who took part in the study responded to questions on their kids’ media habits when they were 12, 18, 24, 30, and 36 months of age. They also responded to similar questions when the children were 7 and 8 years old. The study compiled additional demographic information on the mothers and children from birth records and other surveys.

Experts recommend avoiding digital media exposure for children under 18 months of age, introducing children 18 to 24 months of age to screen media slowly, and limiting screen time to an hour a day for children from 2 to 5 years of age. In their study, the researchers found that 87 percent of the children had screen time exceeding these recommendations.

However, while screen time increased throughout toddlerhood, by age 7 and 8, screen time fell to under 1.5 hours per day. The researchers believe this decrease relates to time consumed by school-related activities.

The study team classified the children into two groups based on how much their average daily screen time increased from age 1 to age 3. The first group, 73 percent of the total, had the lowest increase, from an average of nearly 51 minutes a day to nearly an hour and 47 minutes a day. The second group, 27 percent of the total, had the highest increase, from nearly 37 minutes of screen time a day to about 4 hours a day.

Higher levels of parental education were associated with lower odds of inclusion in the second group. In addition, girls were slightly less likely to be in the second group, compared to boys, while children of first-time mothers were more likely to be in the high-increase group.

Similarly, compared to single-born children, twins were more likely to belong to the highest screen time group. Compared to children in center-based care, children in home-based care, whether provided by a parent, babysitter or relative, were more than twice as likely to have high screen time.


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